Author

Jacob Hoffman

Independent editorial contributor covering markets, digital assets, risk and personal finance.

Jacob Hoffman covers Finance News, Innovation and Trading.

Articles by Jacob Hoffman

Infographic splitting a gas fee into base fee and priority tip

Web3

What are gas fees, and why do they change?

Gas fees are auction prices for scarce block space. Here is the mechanism behind the number — including what Ethereum's 2021 EIP-1559 change did and did not…

Jacob Hoffman · Apr 25, 2026

Stepped chart of Bitcoin's block subsidy halving from fifty to 1.5625 coins

Blockchain

What is the Bitcoin halving?

The Bitcoin halving is the protocol rule that cuts the block subsidy in half every 210,000 blocks — the next drop, 3.125 to 1.5625 BTC, is expected around 2028.

Jacob Hoffman · Apr 23, 2026

One large voting bloc dominating a sparse town assembly hall

Blockchain

What is a 51% attack?

A 51% attack is what happens when one party commands most of a blockchain's power — it can rewrite recent history, but far less than headlines imply.

Jacob Hoffman · Mar 31, 2026

Empty community hall with chairs in a circle and a ballot box

Web3

What is a DAO?

A DAO is an organization whose rules live in code and whose members vote with tokens. Some run billion-dollar protocols; others can't order office supplies.

Jacob Hoffman · Mar 11, 2026

Smartphone in hand showing a generic wallet-connect prompt, studio product shot

Web3

What is a dApp, and how is it different?

A dApp is an app whose engine runs on a blockchain. The login is your wallet, the rules are public code, and the trade-offs are real.

Jacob Hoffman · Feb 18, 2026